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William W. Simmons (executive)
William Wilson "Bill" Simmons (1912 – October 11, 1997) was an IBM executive, who was Director of Strategic Planning for the IBM Corporation in the late 1960s.〔Paul A. Strassmann (1990) The Business Value of Computers: An Executive's Guide. p. 379〕 He is also known as one of the pioneers of applied future studies in the private sector.〔.〕
== BIography ==
Simmons had started at IBM as sales manager in the late 1940s.〔James W. Cortada (1993''The Computer in the United States: From Laboratory to Market, 1930 to 1960''. p. 77〕 Late 1950s he had made Director of Product Control at the Data Processing Division.,〔''AMA Management Report''. The Association, 1959. p. 49.〕 and late 1960s he was promoted to Director of Planning Systems at IBM in New York.〔Basil W. Denning (1971) ''Corporate planning: selected concepts'' p. 78〕 In this position he published several articles about the "background and philosophy of the IBM Corporate Planning System".〔Thoroman, D. G. "Strategic planning in IBM." Long Range Planning 4.1 (1971): 2-6.〕
Simmons retired from IBM in 1971/72 after a 25 year career〔''Special Libraries''. Vol 63, Nr 2. p. 589〕 and continued to work as independent Planning consultant.〔National Computer Conference and Exposition (1973) ''AFIPS Proceedings''. Vol. 42. p. 744〕 He published several books and articles in the 1970s and in the 1980s he wrote his autobiography about his years at IBM, entitled "Inside IBM: the Watson years : a personal memoir", which shares insides about the History of IBM.
Early 1970s Simmons co-invented a computer system, which they named "the Consensor", an early Audience response system. It was based on the concept "to help participants at business meetings arrive at a consensus and thus save time that otherwise might be spent on unnecessary discussion... The basic components of the Consensor are an opinion-registering system, a computer and a television screen. Participants seated around a conference table are equipped with a personal terminal, about the size of a hand calculator, which can be held comfortably in the lap away from the view of others..."〔(A computer that inspires a meeting of minds ) By Martin D. Hirsch. December 6, 1981〕
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